Pea Crop – Cultivation Guidelines

🌱 Pre-Sowing

Cultural Practices

• Deep summer ploughing (3 times at 10-day interval).
• Timely sowing, field sanitation, rogueing.
• Apply manures & fertilizers as per soil test.

Nutrients

• FYM @ 8–10 t/acre (treated with Trichoderma).

Weeds

• Summer ploughing + solarization with polythene sheet (25 days).
• Stale seed bed technique.

Pests & Pathogens

• Soil solarization (100-gauge polythene, 3 weeks).
• Deep ploughing to expose pupae/larvae.

🌱 Seed Sowing

Nutrients

• Seed treatment with Rhizobium @ 250 g/acre.
• Starter dose: 10 kg N + 28 kg P₂O₅ + 25 kg K₂O/acre.

Weeds

• Certified weed-free seeds.
• Line sowing for easy interculture.
• Maintain optimum plant population.
• Pre-emergence: Linuron 50% WP @ 0.5–0.8 kg/acre.

Pests & Pathogens

• Use resistant/tolerant varieties.
• Avoid late sowing.

🌱 Vegetative Stage

Cultural & Mechanical

• Remove diseased/infected parts.
• Irrigation at critical stages; avoid stagnation.
• Collect & destroy eggs, larvae, pupae.
• Use sticky traps (4–5/acre), light traps (1/acre), pheromone traps (4–5/acre).
• Erect bird perches (20/acre).

Biological

• Conserve & release natural enemies (e.g., lacewings).

Nutrients

• Top-dress N @ 5–10 kg/acre if needed.
• Correct micronutrient deficiencies.

Weeds

• Critical period: 30–45 days.
• 1–2 hand weedings at 25–30 & 45 DAS.

Major Pests & Diseases (controls)

• Pea pod borer – deep ploughing, hand-picking, Malathion 50% EC.
• Stem fly – mulching, Carbofuran 3% CG.
• Aphids – border crops, lacewing release, Carbofuran 3% CG.
• Leaf miner – remove infested leaves, sticky traps.
• Powdery mildew – resistant varieties, sulphur/benomyl sprays.
• Rust – crop rotation, sulphur/triadimefon sprays.
• Downy mildew, Ascochyta blight, White rot, Root rot, Fusarium wilt – sanitation, resistant varieties, cultural practices.
• Pea weevil – early harvest, sanitation, store hygiene.

🌱 Reproductive Stage

Nutrients

• Incorporate crop residues after harvest.

Weeds

• Remove weeds before seed setting.

Diseases & Pests

• Same management as vegetative stage.